Investigation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Elaeagnus latifolia Fruit Extract

Abstract

This study aims to provide scientific support for the high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract from the fruit of Elaeagnus latifolia. Elaeagnus latifolia, a plant belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae, is traditionally used for its medicinal properties, particularly as an antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed to identify the presence of various bioactive compounds. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. The hydroalcoholic extract of Elaeagnus latifolia fruit was found to be a potent antioxidant, effectively scavenging free radicals. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, sugars, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, and flavonoids. The extract also demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms. This work provides scientific validation for the traditional use of Elaeagnus latifolia. The observed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities are likely due to the presence of various phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids and tannins. The findings suggest that Elaeagnus latifolia may have potential applications in the treatment of diseases caused by free radicals and microbial infections.